Abstract Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) can improve the road safety by transmitting safety-critical messages such as beacons and emergency messages. IEEE 802. 11p VANETs have adopted the copyright sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism for the multiple access control. https://www.duospiritalis.com/top-deal-Serra-Avatar-Urza-s-Saga-clearance/